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ucs.org
article
https://www.ucs.org/resources/what-climate-engineering
Also known as "geoengineering," climate engineering is the intentional large-scale intervention in the Earth’s climate system to counter climate change. Given the daunting challenge of keeping the rise in global temperatures in check, some researchers are also working to understand the risks and potentials of “geoengineering” or climate engineering technologies. It includes techniques to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and technologies to rapidly cool the Earth by reflecting solar energy back to space. Solar geoengineering technologies cool the earth by reflecting sunlight back into space—but they pose many risks, challenges, and uncertainties. Some climate scientists want to start atmospheric field experiments with sun-reflective aerosols and other solar geoengineering technologies to further understand their risks and potential benefits. They warn of the risk, or “moral hazard,” that investments in solar geoengineering may diminish efforts at reducing net carbon emissions through proven and affordable means like renewable energy, and that they also may increase geopolitical conflict over “who decides” what the climate goals of deploying SRM would be.
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magazine.scienceforthepeople.org
article
https://magazine.scienceforthepeople.org/geoengineering/control-earth-thermos…
But despite these differences, all proposed geoengineering techniques, if deployed at the massive scale necessary to affect climate change, would have significant impacts on the environment, biodiversity, livelihoods, and food security.Biofuelwatch, ETC group, and Heinrich Boell Foundation, “The Big Bad Fix” (2017),.The report describes geoengineering techniques and its potential impacts." href="#easy-footnote-bottom-2-1269">2 Some techniques, particularly those in the vein of solar radiation management, have military origins and could be weaponized as a way of controlling temperature and rain patterns.James Fleming,*Fixing the Sky: The Checkered History of Weather and Climate Control* (New York: Columbia University Press, 2012)." href="#easy-footnote-bottom-3-1269">3. It produced a set of very general recommendations—for example, that research should aim to “promote the collective benefit of humankind,” and that governments could “when necessary, create mechanisms for the governance and oversight of large-scale climate engineering research activities.”Climate Institute, “The Asilomar Conference Recommendations on Principlesfor Research into Climate Engineering Techniques,” March 22-26, 2010, http://climate.org/archive/resources/climate-archives/conferences/asilomar/report.html." href="#easy-footnote-bottom-21-1269">21.
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weather.metoffice.gov.uk
official
https://weather.metoffice.gov.uk/climate-change/atmospheric-modification-and-…
# Atmospheric modification and geoengineering. Atmospheric modification could include any attempt to alter the composition of the atmosphere to try to change local weather patterns or affect the climate to curb global temperature rise. Geoengineering is often reserved for those actions which attempt to curb the greatest impacts of climate change, while weather modification is usually taken to refer to those actions, such as cloud-seeding, to alter the weather in local areas across short time scales. To help policy makers reach future decisions on the risks and merits of geoengineering, the Met Office conducts research using computer models of the world’s atmosphere. * **Misinformation:**The Met Office is involved in atmospheric modification such as cloud seeding. **Our response:** To help policy makers reach future decisions on the merits or risks of geoengineering, the Met Office has conducted theoretical research on the efficacy and potential impacts from geoengineering techniques upon the climate system using computer models of the world’s atmosphere.
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epa.gov
official
https://www.epa.gov/geoengineering/about-geoengineering
For example, geoengineering includes the removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere (also called Carbon Dioxide Removal – CDR) through methods such as direct air capture and storage, ocean iron fertilization, or ocean alkalinity enhancement. These activities are referred to as **Solar Geoengineering** or **Solar Radiation Modification (SRM).** Most proposed solar radiation modification techniques involve adding material to the atmosphere to increase the amount of incoming sunlight reflected back to space. Marine solar radiation management (mSRM) techniques, on the other hand, involve adding materials to ocean waters, sea ice, or the lower atmosphere to increase the amount of solar radiation reflected at or near the ocean's surface to limit surface warming or sea ice melt. * *Marine Cloud Brightening (MCB)* – adding particles, such as sea spray, to the lower atmosphere (near the surface) to increase the reflectivity of clouds over the ocean. Another subset of geoengineering activities intends to cool the Earth by intentionally modifying the concentration of certain gases in the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide.
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climate-engineering.mae.cornell.edu
research
https://climate-engineering.mae.cornell.edu/research/
Research is interdisciplinary, but centered in the application of engineering-design ideas, dynamics, and feedback control as a tool to manage uncertainty; more generally this perspective is relevant in understanding climate dynamics and variability more broadly. SRM or Climate Engineering refers to large-scale intentional intervention in the climate system as a possible additional tool to help manage some impacts of climate change; an example would be adding aerosols to the stratosphere to reflect some sunlight. Informed choices will require a holistic assessment of geoengineering, or climate engineering, that is not just our best estimate but captures uncertainty, for a range of future scenarios, and for different possible strategies. 1. *System Design and Optimization:* How can one “design” stratospheric-aerosol climate engineering, using available degrees of freedom (e.g., latitudes, times of year to inject material) to achieve desired objectives? 5. Validate an emulator (reduced-order dynamic model) on simulations of stratospheric aerosol injection, and predict the response for different scenarios, including for example predicting the rate-of-change of temperature and precipitation to understand stressors on ecosystems, or predict the multiple-actor scenario above.
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en.wikipedia.org
article
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geoengineering
Geoengineering is the deliberate large-scale interventions in the Earth's climate system intended to counteract human-caused climate change.
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carbonbrief.org
article
https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-six-ideas-to-limit-global-warming-with-…
However, research shows that using solar geoengineering could indirectly lower the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by stemming permafrost melt, reducing energy-sector emissions and causing changes to the carbon-cycle feedback. Aerosol injection could have an edge on other proposed forms of solar geoengineering because it would not require a large technological leap to become a reality, Jones says:. These brighter clouds would reflect away more sunlight, says Prof Douglas MacMartin, an engineering researcher from Cornell University, who contributed to the US House of Representatives’ hearing on geoengineering. Earlier this month, MacMartin, Keith and Prof Katharine Ricke, a climate scientist from the University of California, San Diego, published a research paper exploring how solar geoengineering – via releasing aerosols into the stratosphere – could be used as part of an “overall strategy” for limiting global warming to 1.5C, which is the aspirational target of the Paris Agreement. However, the researchers point out that using solar geoengineering to hold global warming to 1.5C would not have the same environmental effect as reaching the target using mitigation.
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youtube.com
video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-2FUXShYQQ
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