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scu.edu
research
https://www.scu.edu/environmental-ethics/resources/a-brief-introduction-to-cl…
Climate engineering, according to Harvard’s Solar Geoengineering Program, is a broad category of technologies meant to alter the climate in order to reduce climate change. There are two main types of climate engineering: carbon dioxide removal and solar radiation management [1]. Technologies in this category attempt to change the atmosphere by removing carbon dioxide, which would “address the root cause of climate change — the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere” [2]. The other major form of climate engineering is solar radiation management (SRM), which consists of reflecting solar radiation (sunlight) away from the Earth’s surface in order to reduce the amount of energy in the atmosphere. “Ocean-Based Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) and Its Implications for the Sustainable Development Goals.” University of Cambridge - Centre for Science and Policy, November 18, 2022. [9] Daisy Dunne, “Explainer: Six ideas to limit global warming with solar geoengineering,” *Carbon Brief: Clean on Climate*, 9 May 2018.
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climate.gov
official
https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/solar-radiation-m…
**Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) refers to deliberate, large-scale actions intended to decrease global average surface temperatures by increasing the reflection of sunlight away from the Earth.** Proposed SRM methods involve the use of aerosols (small particles) or other materials to increase the reflectivity of the atmosphere, clouds, or Earth’s surface. **Long-term protection of Earth’s climate and oceans requires substantial reductions in emissions and atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and other GHGs. SRM is not considered a substitute for climate mitigation efforts, which include decarbonization and GHG emission cuts.** SRM research is being conducted as a response to growing concerns that the pace of CO2 emissions reductions and CDR technology development is not sufficient to avoid severe impacts of climate change in the next decades. **Many of the processes most important for understanding SRM approaches—such as those that control the formation of clouds and aerosols—are among the most uncertain components of the climate system.** Climate models differ in simulating large-scale aerosol climate effects, including on surface temperatures, due to variations in how aerosol processes, atmospheric transport and mixing, and physics are represented.
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en.wikipedia.org
article
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_radiation_modification
Climate models have consistently shown that SRM could reduce global warming and many effects of climate change, including some potential climate tipping points.
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congress.gov
official
https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R47551
Solar geoengineering (SG) refers to a set of methods aimed at cooling the Earth in order to counteract the warming effects of increases in greenhouse gases (
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scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com
research
https://scijournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ese3.2083
This approach involves reflecting sunlight back into space while allowing Earth's infrared radiation to escape, thereby controlling climate change.
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ciel.org
article
https://www.ciel.org/why-geoengineering-is-a-false-solution-to-the-climate-cr…
Methods include releasing large amounts of tiny reflective particles (e.g., sulfur dioxide) into the stratosphere, deploying mirrors in space,
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carbonbrief.org
article
https://www.carbonbrief.org/explainer-six-ideas-to-limit-global-warming-with-…
However, research shows that using solar geoengineering could indirectly lower the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere by stemming permafrost melt, reducing energy-sector emissions and causing changes to the carbon-cycle feedback. Aerosol injection could have an edge on other proposed forms of solar geoengineering because it would not require a large technological leap to become a reality, Jones says:. These brighter clouds would reflect away more sunlight, says Prof Douglas MacMartin, an engineering researcher from Cornell University, who contributed to the US House of Representatives’ hearing on geoengineering. Earlier this month, MacMartin, Keith and Prof Katharine Ricke, a climate scientist from the University of California, San Diego, published a research paper exploring how solar geoengineering – via releasing aerosols into the stratosphere – could be used as part of an “overall strategy” for limiting global warming to 1.5C, which is the aspirational target of the Paris Agreement. However, the researchers point out that using solar geoengineering to hold global warming to 1.5C would not have the same environmental effect as reaching the target using mitigation.
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salatainstitute.harvard.edu
research
https://salatainstitute.harvard.edu/research-initiatives/the-harvard-solar-ge…
The Harvard Solar Geoengineering Research Program (SGRP) aims to reduce uncertainties surrounding solar geoengineering; generate critical science, technology, and policy insights; and help inform the public debate surrounding this controversial idea. Recognizing that solar geoengineering could not be a replacement for reducing emissions or adapting to climate impacts, SGRP draws on Harvard’s research capabilities and global convening power to provide the knowledge necessary in considering solar geoengineering as a supplement to broader mitigation and adaptation efforts. The Harvard Solar Geoengineering Research Program (SGRP) aims to reduce uncertainties surrounding solar geoengineering; generate critical science, technology, and policy insights; and help inform the public debate surrounding this controversial idea. Recognizing that solar geoengineering could not be a replacement for reducing emissions or adapting to climate impacts, SGRP draws on Harvard’s research capabilities and global convening power to provide the knowledge necessary in considering solar geoengineering as a supplement to broader mitigation and adaptation efforts. * In 1980, Professor Tom Schelling chaired a National Academy of Sciences committee whose report, *Changing Climate*, addressed the potential for solar geoengineering to counter global warming.