... developments in immigration, artificial intelligence (AI), and other trends are showing up in US labor market data, and where measurement
Of course, much of the excitement around Chinese tech—and the confidence in its AI development—was driven this past year by the January 2025 release of the [DeepSeek-R1 reasoning model](https://www.atlanticcouncil.org/content-series/inflection-points/deepseek-poses-a-manhattan-project-sized-challenge-for-trump/). For China and the BRICS group of countries in particular, these cross-border payments platforms could also lend a hand in their de-dollarization strategies: new rails for trade, energy payments, and remittances that do not have to run through dollar-based correspondent banking. From Trump’s proposal to send two-thousand-dollar [checks](https://www.cnbc.com/2026/01/08/stimulus-check-trump-tariffs-2000.html) to US citizens (thanks to tariff revenue) to Germany’s aim to ramp up defense spending, major economies across the G20 have big plans for additional stimulus in 2026. And on China, while the chart above shows International Monetary Fund and other official estimates for China’s GDP growth, some economists, including ones from Rhodium Group, [argue](https://rhg.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Chinas-Economy-Rightsizing-2025-Looking-Ahead-to-2026.pdf) that China’s real GDP growth could be as low as 2.5 percent for 2026, which would push China below the line displayed.
# World Economic Outlook Update. World Economic Outlook Update, January 2026: Global Economy: Steady amid Divergent Forces. #### Resilient growth as technology and adaptability offset trade policy headwinds. World Economic Outlook Update, January 2026: Global Economy: Steady amid Divergent Forces. Global growth is projected at 3.3 percent for 2026 and 3.2 percent for 2027, revised slightly up since the October 2025 World Economic Outlook. World Economic Outlook Update, January 2026: Projections Table. ###### World Economic Outlook Update, October 2025: Three Essential Questions. ###### Press Briefing: World Economic Outlook, October 2025. ###### World Economic Outlook, October 2025: Key Facts. ###### World Economic Outlook Update, October 2025: Three Essential Questions. ###### Press Briefing: World Economic Outlook, October 2025. ###### World Economic Outlook, October 2025: Key Facts. ###### World Economic Outlook Update, October 2025: Three Essential Questions. ###### Press Briefing: World Economic Outlook, October 2025. ###### World Economic Outlook, October 2025: Key Facts. Regional Economic Outlook Reports, All Regions.
Global GDP growth is projected to remain broadly stable at 2.9% in 2026 before edging up to 3.0% in 2027, sustained by robust technology-related
Moderating inflation and lower short-term interest rates are expected to lean slightly downward on US Treasury yields over the course of 2026.
The Chief Economist's Note. # Five macro themes that will shape the world in 2026. #### Table of contents. Those themes will continue to define the outlook for 2026. With several narratives that loomed large in 2025 already fading, this lookahead sets out the themes that will matter in 2026 as the global economy heads into another demanding period. This is one reason why we expect Europe to continue to underperform. 2026 will be a year in which most central banks will continue to loosen monetary policy, but the pace of easing will vary widely and in several cases our forecasts diverge meaningfully from expectations currently priced into markets. All of that leaves Japan as an outlier among major economies. Although we expect these to be the dominant themes of 2026, a range of secondary forces will also shape outcomes across developed and emerging economies and across sectors and markets. **Neil Shearing**, Group Chief Economist. ## Related content.
* [What We Do](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Insights](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Our Firm](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Careers](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [What We Do](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Insights](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Our Firm](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Careers](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [What We Do](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Insights](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Our Firm](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Careers](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [What We Do](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Insights](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Our Firm](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). * [Careers](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks#). . . [ The Global Economy Is Forecast to Post ‘Sturdy’ Growth of 2.8% in 2026](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/the-global-economy-forecast-to-post-sturdy-growth-in-2026). [ German Economic Outlook: 1.1% Growth in 2026](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/german-economic-outlook-growth-in-2026). [ Investment Banking 2026 Global M&A Outlook](https://www.goldmansachs.com/what-we-do/investment-banking/insights/articles/2026-ma-outlook). [ Goldman Sachs Exchanges: Outlook 2026 Episode 1: The Big Picture](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-exchanges/goldman-sachs-exchanges-outlook-2026-episode-1-the-big-picture). [ Goldman Sachs Exchanges: Outlook 2026 Episode 2: Regional Perspectives](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-exchanges/goldman-sachs-exchanges-outlook-2026-episode-2-regional-perspectives). [ Goldman Sachs Exchanges: Outlook 2026 Episode 3: Assets and Allocation](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-exchanges/goldman-sachs-exchanges-outlook-2026-episode-3-assets-and-allocation). [ Will US Stocks Outperform in 2026?](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-exchanges/will-us-stocks-outperform-in-2026). [Read Report](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-research/macro-outlook-2026-sturdy-growth-stagnant-jobs-stable-prices "Read Report"). [Read Report](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-research/markets-outlook-2026-some-like-it-hot "Read Report"). [Read Report](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-research/equity-outlook-2026-tech-tonic-a-broadening-bull-market "Read Report"). [Read Report](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-research/commodity-outlook-2026-ride-the-power-race-and-supply-waves "Read Report"). [Read More](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-research/uk-outlook-2026-catching-down "Read More"). [Read More](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-research/euro-area-outlook-2026-cyclical-boost-structural-drag-unchanged-rates "Read More"). [Read More](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-research/japan-economic-outlook-2026-steady-fundamentals-policy-risks-ahead "Read More"). [Read More](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/goldman-sachs-research/global-fx-outlook-2026-different-dollar-downside "Read More"). [Your Privacy Choices](https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/outlooks/2026-outlooks).
Inflation in low-income countries](https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstreams/021dbb36-16b7-4d2e-bcd5-5c05f2643591/download)[Jan. 2020, SF 2](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2020.pdf). What is potential growth?[Jan. 2018, Box 3.1](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2018.pdf). Productivity and investment growth during reforms[Jan. 2018, Box 3.5](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2018.pdf). Sources of the growth slowdown in BRICS[Jan. 2016, Box 3.1](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2016.pdf). Fading promise: How to rekindle productivity growth[Jan. 2020, Chapter 3](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2020.pdf). Sectoral sources of productivity growth[Jan. 2020, Box 3.2](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2020.pdf). Debt, financial crises, and productivity[Jan. 2020, Box 3.4](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2020.pdf). Having space and using it: Fiscal policy challenges and developing economies[Jan. 2015, Chapter 3](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2015.pdf). Fiscal policy in low-income countries[Jan. 2015, Box 3.1](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2015.pdf). Narrow fiscal space and the risk of a debt crisis[Jan. 2015, Box 3.4](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2015.pdf). What does weak growth mean for poverty in the future?[Jan. 2015, Box 1.1](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2015.pdf). Countercyclical monetary policy in emerging markets: Review and evidence[Jan. 2015, Box 1.2](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2015.pdf). Having fiscal space and using it: Fiscal challenges in developing economies[Jan. 2015, Chapter 3](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2015.pdf). Fiscal policy in low-income countries[Jan. 2015, Box 3.1](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2015.pdf). Narrow fiscal space and the risk of a debt crisis[Jan. 2015, Box 3.4](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2015.pdf). Poverty impact of food price shocks and policies[Jan. 2019, Chapter 4](https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/4aa0b654ecdbaf8302d5901aaada3fbf-0350012021/related/Global-Economic-Prospects-January-2019.pdf).