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climate.mit.edu research

What is the most efficient way to remove CO2 from the atmosphere?

https://climate.mit.edu/ask-mit/what-most-efficient-way-remove-co2-atmosphere

As with all kinds of carbon removal, it’s not clear what enhanced weathering would cost on a large scale, but Gurgel’s research suggests it could be cheaper than DAC and probably doesn’t need as much dedicated land as BECCS. But although enhanced weathering may turn out to be both reasonably cost-efficient and reasonably land-efficient (at least by carbon removal standards), it’s not very *rock*-efficient. “Integrated assessment of carbon dioxide removal portfolios: land, energy, and economic trade-offs for climate policy.” *Environmental Research Letters* 20 (2025). MIT Climate Portal: "How much carbon dioxide would we have to remove from the air to counteract climate change?". Ho, Nature: "Carbon dioxide removal is not a current climate solution—we need to change the narrative". Listen to this episode of MIT's "Today I Learned: Climate" podcast on carbon dioxide removal. Enhanced rock weathering is a strategy to help address climate change by taking carbon out of the air and storing it in rocks.

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greenly.earth article

6 Examples of Carbon Dioxide Removal - Greenly

https://greenly.earth/en-us/blog/company-guide/6-examples-of-carbon-dioxide-r…

What is carbon dioxide removal and how does it work? * What is carbon dioxide (CO2) removal? * Which carbon dioxide removal method is best ? * What is carbon dioxide (CO2) removal? * Which carbon dioxide removal method is best ? In this article, we'll explain what carbon dioxide removal is, how it works, and 6 ways carbon dioxide can be captured from the atmosphere. ## What is carbon dioxide (CO2) removal? Like other organic methods of carbon dioxide removal, plants drink up carbon dioxide through the process of photosynthesis. Wetlands are experts at storing carbon in soil, as they **remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere by capturing carbon in plant roots and bodies just like forests.**. ## Which carbon dioxide removal method is best ? If reading this article on 6 ways to remove carbon dioxide has made you interested in reducing your carbon emissions to further fight against climate change – Greenly can help you!

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en.wikipedia.org article

Carbon dioxide removal - Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide_removal

Land-based methods include afforestation, reforestation, agricultural practices that sequester carbon in soils (carbon farming), bioenergy with carbon capture

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climate.gov official

Carbon dioxide removal: NOAA State of the Science factsheet

https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/carbon-dioxide-re…

**In addition to steep reductions of GHG emissions, the IPCC 6th Assessment Report (AR6) considers CDR to be a necessary component of successful strategies for limiting global warming to 1.5–2°C.** *The State of Carbon Dioxide Removal report* (2nd Edition, 2024) estimates that 7–9 gigatonnes (Gt) CO2 removal will be required each year by 2050 to achieve the climate targets of the Paris Agreement. Other land-based CDR approaches include **accelerated weathering** of natural carbonate and silicate rocks, methods for increasing soil carbon uptake (e.g., agricultural sequestration), and storage in above- ground biomass (e.g., **reforestation/afforestation**). **Existing programs and activities in global carbon cycle, marine ecosystem, and climate research are essential for informing CDR research, and include: NOAA’s global to coastal observing networks and data assimilation, NOAA’s Earth system and regional ocean modeling, and NOAA’s ecosystem research.** NOAA’s existing and innovative assets can inform evidence-based decisions on implementation of CDR techniques by federal and state agencies, the private sector, and nonprofit organizations.

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arcticwwf.org article

Can carbon removal save us? - WWF Arctic

https://www.arcticwwf.org/the-circle/stories/can-carbon-removal-save-us/

Currently, the best proposed way to remove carbon dioxide is through direct air capture, which involves pumping air through a system that liquefies and stores

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energy.gov official

DOE Explains...Direct Air Capture - Department of Energy

https://www.energy.gov/science/doe-explainsdirect-air-capture

# DOE Explains...Direct Air Capture. The Department of Energy’s Regional Direct Air Capture Hubs program will develop four domestic direct air capture hubs to demonstrate a direct air capture technology or suite of technologies at a commercial scale. The Department of Energy’s Regional Direct Air Capture Hubs program will develop four domestic direct air capture hubs to demonstrate a direct air capture technology or suite of technologies at a commercial scale. **Direct air capture** technology is a form of carbon dioxide (CO2) removal that takes CO2 from ambient, or still, air. ## DOE Office of Science: Contributions to Direct Air Capture. DOE supports direct air capture research, development, and demonstration through the Offices of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and Clean Energy Demonstrations and the Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy. DOE also supports research on direct air capture through the Office of Science Basic Energy Sciences (BES) and Biological and Environmental Research (BER) programs.

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