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acs.digitellinc.com article

MIneral CO2 mineral carbonation using waste concrete - American Chemical Society

https://acs.digitellinc.com/p/s/mineral-co2-mineral-carbonation-using-waste-c…

Gaseous CO2 is bubbled into concrete sludge to proceed carbonation reaction with calcium ions in the concrete sludge. We proposed a new method of carbonization process of concrete sludge coupled with filtration to obtain calcium carbonate with high purity. The average contents of calcium carbonate in all precipitants were about 96.8%, while that of the product for the direct bubbling method without filtration was about 6.5%. Thus, both the purity of the calcium carbonate and the conversion of calcium were significantly improved by the present method. Thumbnail for Thirdhand smoke of heated tobaccos: Chemicals and odor. Thumbnail for Development of CO2 recovery process from alkaline carbonate solutions via bipolar membrane electrodialysis. Development of CO2 recovery process from alkaline carbonate solutions via bipolar membrane electrodialysis. We have developed a novel CO2 gas recovery process from alkaline carbonate solutions (CO2 absorbed solution) via bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPED). Thumbnail for Behavior of chemical compounds in tobacco smokes of heated tobacco.

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energy.gov official

Carbon Mineralization Pathway | Department of Energy

https://www.energy.gov/hgeo/carbon-mineralization-pathway

A **.gov** website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. # Carbon Mineralization Pathway. The Carbon Conversion program’s mineralization pathway focuses on the development of CO2 conversion technologies in which CO2 mineralizes with alkaline reactants to produce inorganic materials such as synthetic aggregates, bicarbonates, and associated building materials. Additional priorities are to integrate CO2 capture with mineral carbonation technologies and investigate additional alkaline sources for mineralization, such as mining wastes and produced waters. The current project portfolio includes approaches that generate a wide variety of products, including precipitated calcium carbonate, precast concrete products, multi-functional concrete, and construction materials. Product focus areas for the Carbon Mineralization Pathway. In contrast, carbonates are even lower in energy than CO2, which minimizes the energy needed to form them. When CO2 is incorporated into the production of cement and aggregate, forming carbonates, it is not necessary to add energy to overcome thermodynamic constraints. Carbon upcycling produces higher-performance concrete products that effectively utilize CO2 generated by power or industrial facilities.

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ceclab.seas.upenn.edu research

Carbon Mineralization - Clean Energy Conversions Lab

https://ceclab.seas.upenn.edu/page/mineral-carbonation

Engineered carbon mineralization emulates and accelerates natural rock weathering, whereby calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) silicate minerals react with carbon dioxide dissolved in water to form calcium and magnesium carbonate minerals that are stable on geologic timescales. *Ex situ* carbon mineralization can be done with silicate rocks and even alkaline industrial byproducts.4 Calcium and magnesium are found in many other materials that are often considered the 'wastes' of industrial processes: mining wastes, steel slag, air pollution control residue, fly ash, and many other industrial wastes are abundant in magnesium and/or calcium and can be used as feedstocks for *ex situ* mineralization processes. At the Clean Energy Conversions Lab, we research carbon mineralization as a method of carbon storage in two projects: the first project loops Mg and Ca oxides that are highly reactive with CO2 to conduct direct air capture;5 the second leaches calcium and magnesium from mining wastes from carbonates.6 Our research into carbon mineralization extends beyond the lab as we consider how economics, mapping, life cycle assessments, and US policy can help deploy carbon mineralization on a broad scale.

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pubs.rsc.org article

A review of mineral carbonation technologies to sequester CO 2 - Chemical Society Reviews (RSC Publishing) DOI:10.1039/C4CS00035H

https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlehtml/2014/cs/c4cs00035h

Using elevated pressures and temperatures, additives and US treatment improved significantly the carbonation kinetics,25 but also increased costs (up to €4000 per t-slag).135 Particle size was also an important variable, as carbonation was significantly improved by using smaller fractions (38–106 μm).25,139,142,176 Estimations have shown that cost of slag (200 °C and 20 bar of pure CO2) was €77 per t-CO2 net avoided.70 Carbonation of Ca-carrying cementitious materials to sequester CO2 also resulted in the development of high early stage strength for building materials applications, achieving CO2 uptake of 7–12% in the process.137 A possibility to upgrade steel slags into products of high commercial value, such as high-purity precipitated CaCO3 (PCC), has also been addressed in several studies.66,126,133 A number of extraction agents including HNO3, H2SO4, NaOH,138 NH4Cl,66,106 and CH3COOH,126,133 CH3COONH4, NH4NO3106 NH4HSO4179 have been investigated for the indirect carbonation route.

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