This study proposes an optimization method for temperature modulation in chemiresistor-type gas sensors based on Bayesian optimization (BO), and
When using triangular wave heating voltage based on SnO2 sensor, it shows excellent type response speed and poor concentration response speed.
This study reveals a new coupling mechanism between the lower atmosphere, thermosphere, and ionosphere, with significant implications for
To achieve high-precision detection, a systematic evaluation was conducted on the retrieval performance of temperature and humidity profiles using ASSIST by regularization methods based on the Gauss–Newton framework, which include Fixed regularization factor (FR), L-Curve (LC), Generalized Cross-Validation (GCV), Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), and Iterative Regularized Gauss–Newton (IRGN) methods, and the Levenberg–Marquardt (LM) method based on a damping least squares strategy. ground-based infrared hyperspectral technology; ASSIST; lower atmosphere; temperature and humidity profiles retrieval; regularization methods. This study employs several regularization parameter selection methods based on a physics-driven iterative optimization strategy to investigate the retrieval performance of temperature and humidity profiles using the ASSIST, aiming for high-precision retrieval. The systematic evaluation of regularization methods and the LM algorithm for the retrieval of temperature and humidity profile using the ASSIST reveals distinct performance under actual atmospheric conditions. "Evaluation of Different Methods for Retrieving Temperature and Humidity Profiles in the Lower Atmosphere Using the Atmospheric Sounder Spectrometer by Infrared Spectral Technology" *Remote Sensing* 17, no.
**Solar Radiation Modification (SRM) refers to deliberate, large-scale actions intended to decrease global average surface temperatures by increasing the reflection of sunlight away from the Earth.** Proposed SRM methods involve the use of aerosols (small particles) or other materials to increase the reflectivity of the atmosphere, clouds, or Earth’s surface. **Long-term protection of Earth’s climate and oceans requires substantial reductions in emissions and atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and other GHGs. SRM is not considered a substitute for climate mitigation efforts, which include decarbonization and GHG emission cuts.** SRM research is being conducted as a response to growing concerns that the pace of CO2 emissions reductions and CDR technology development is not sufficient to avoid severe impacts of climate change in the next decades. **Many of the processes most important for understanding SRM approaches—such as those that control the formation of clouds and aerosols—are among the most uncertain components of the climate system.** Climate models differ in simulating large-scale aerosol climate effects, including on surface temperatures, due to variations in how aerosol processes, atmospheric transport and mixing, and physics are represented.
Weather modification is the act of intentionally manipulating or altering the weather. The most common form of weather modification is cloud seeding.
Responsibility for Research, Development, and Operations The Commission recommends: (1) the assignment of the mission of de veloping and testing techniques for modifying weather and climate to a single agency in the Executive Branch of the Government—for example to the Environmental Science Services Administration of the Department of Commerce or to a completely new agency organized for the purpose; (2) the continuance and expansion of re search in the atmospheric sciences by the National Science Foundation, in cluding its program directed at pro viding a satisfactory scientific basis for weather and climate modification and the maintenance of the National Center for Atmospheric Research as a basic research facility for this pur pose; and (3) the conduct or support, pursuant to Executive Order 10521, of such basic and applied research by other Federal agencies as is required for their varied missions as well as the conduct of operational activities necessary for the accomplishment of such missions (e.g., precipitation aug mentation for the reservoir system of the Bureau of Reclamation; lightning suppression by the U.
Companies that intend to engage in weather modification activities within the United States are required by the Weather Modification Act of 1976 (15 Code of Federal Regulations § 908) to provide a report to the Administrator of NOAA at least 10 days prior to undertaking the activity. Those reports are filed via the email address weather.modification@noaa.gov and may be found at the the bottom of this page. All weather modification projects must be reported via the appropriate email address (weather.modification@noaa.gov) prior to being implemented. * 17-4 - Initial Report on Weather Modification Activities (Approved Information collection 0684-0025). Please submit reports via email to weather.modification@noaa.gov. NOAA does not regulate cloud seeding activities but does collect information on such activities performed in the U.S. through the requirements for reporting in the Weather Modification and Reporting Act. Please see our full MAINTAINING RECORDS AND SUBMITTING REPORTS ON WEATHER MODIFICATION ACTIVITIES for more information or you can contact the NOAA Weather Modification Team at weather.modification@noaa.gov.