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What causes anxiety? Environmental factors, genetics, and more

https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/323456

Anxiety can arise from various environmental factors, including family dynamics, cultural influences, childhood experiences, and traumatic events. Life stressors, such as challenging social situations, concerns about gender and sexual identity, experiences of racism, and worries about the environment (“eco-anxiety”), can all contribute to feelings of anxiety. [...] A variety of environmental factors can increase the likelihood of anxiety. For example, a person’s family composition, their cultural and religious upbringing, and many other childhood experiences can influence anxiety levels, according to a 2018 review. Other studies have confirmed links between childhood traumas and an increased likelihood of having anxiety symptoms later in life. ## Life stressors [...] A variety of factors can increase the likelihood of feeling anxious. These factors may be internal, involving genetics, for example, or external, involving racial inequity or ecological concerns.

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mentalhealth.org.uk article

What causes anxiety?

https://www.mentalhealth.org.uk/our-work/public-engagement/mental-health-awar…

Social and environmental factors can contribute to the development and maintenance of anxiety and affect our ability to engage effectively in social situations. These social and environmental factors can include childhood trauma, social isolation, negative life events, stress relating to work or education, physical or mental health problems, and social and societal pressures.vi Gender can also play a part. Women are almost twice as likely to experience anxiety as men.vii [...] The relationship between socio-economic status and anxiety is complex, and influenced by a variety of individual, familial, and environmental factors. However, the evidence is clear that experiencing material deprivation and financial strain increases a person’s risk of having a mental health problem such as anxiety. Specifically, poverty, unemployment, and low education levels can all increase the risk of someone developing anxiety. [...] Exposure to a stressful work, education, or community environment - for example, experiencing bullying, harassment, or discrimination in any of these environments which can lead to ongoing anxiety (in particular for women and marginalised communities).

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ebsco.com research

Environmental factors and mental health | Environmental Sciences | Research Starters | EBSCO Research

https://www.ebsco.com/research-starters/environmental-sciences/environmental-…

Environmental factors significantly impact mental health, encompassing both natural and social conditions that can induce stress and affect well-being. Natural conditions include elements like weather patterns, daylight exposure, and environmental disasters, which can provoke anxiety and contribute to mental health disorders such as seasonal affective disorder (SAD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). For example, changes in atmospheric conditions are often linked to shifts in mood, with [...] SIGNIFICANCE: A person’s immediate physical environment can be a source of satisfaction or a source of stress, anxiety, and fear. Most environmental stressors tend to be minor but chronic, and often their severity becomes major only when environmental variables shift. As a result, environmental stressors tend only to be as serious in their consequences as those affected by their outcomes are vulnerable. ### Introduction [...] SIGNIFICANCE: A person’s immediate physical environment can be a source of satisfaction or a source of stress, anxiety, and fear. Most environmental stressors tend to be minor but chronic, and often their severity becomes major only when environmental variables shift. As a result, environmental stressors tend only to be as serious in their consequences as those affected by their outcomes are vulnerable. ### Introduction

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pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov official

Genetic and Environmental Influences on Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of Their Onset and Development

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11972031

Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the onset, development and severity of anxiety disorders, with environmental triggers often influencing the phenotypic expression of these disorders. Further research would benefit from determining specific processes which lead to the onset of anxiety disorders to facilitate their detection and intervention before resulting in life-long and generational consequences. Studies including larger sample sizes and varied subjects would be [...] Kuhlman et al. hypothesized that environmental factors, such as parenting style, lead to a negative impact on the HPA axis. Results showed that increased maternal warmth led to decreased internalizing and anxiety-like symptoms, whereas an increase in internalizing symptoms caused a greater HPA-axis reactivity. Cortisol levels were investigated in this study; symptoms of anxiety are associated with an increase in cortisol, and the early-life environment is the main determinant which controls the [...] Trzaskowski et al. 2012 Stable genetic influence on anxiety-related behaviours across middle childhood Genetic factors (68%) were largely responsible for homotypic anxiety. Environmental factors were mainly responsible for heterotypic anxiety Equal environment assumption, Chorionicity, Data collected using parent-rated questionnaire, Narrow period of investigation (7-9 years), Parental rating of similarity used (>98% of data contributed by mothers)

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acnp.org article

Environmental Factors in the Etiology of Anxiety

https://www.acnp.org/g4/GN401000127/CH125.html

with emphasis on exogenous factors such as stress. Research on environmental influences in the development of anxiety and anxiety disorders is described and major models of anxiety, emphasizing exogenous factors in the etiology and maintenance of these affective states, are considered. Distinctions between anxiety and fear and among the different anxiety disorders, as well as an evaluation of research linking these two constructs, provide a useful perspective on the origins of anxiety. [...] The initiation and maintenance of trait anxiety have generated research suggesting that childhood relationships may contribute to the development of high levels of T-anxiety. Withdrawal of love by parental figures and negative evaluations by parents, teachers, or peers in the past may all contribute to general trait anxiety (65). However, these influences are not immutable, and T-anxiety can change. Davidson (18) investigated the effects of meditation on trait anxiety by using four groups that [...] experience. Models discussed in this section will include the subset of animal models designed to study environmental factors that contribute to the development of anxiety or anxiety disorders.

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pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov official

The Impact of Environmental Experiences on Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression Across the Life Span

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3297659

Two mechanisms might account for the ability of environmental experiences to stably alter levels of reported anxiety and depression. As recently reviewed by McCrory, De Brito, and Viding (2010), the most straightforward mechanism would be a direct effect on biological processes, from gene regulation and the modification of stress-response systems to anatomical changes in key brain structures, all of which could influence levels of depression and anxiety. Alternatively, the process could be [...] In conclusion, our findings suggest that with respect to symptoms of anxiety and depression, individuals are what they have experienced, to an appreciable degree. Despite recent findings supporting the important influence of genetics on anxiety and depression, our findings contradict the idea that stability of symptoms of depression and anxiety results solely from genetic factors. Although many environmental stressors produce only short-term effects on mood, some aspects of environmental [...] in 3,235 subjects from the Netherlands Twin Register and found that the environmental correlation increased dramatically from ages 17 to 25 to ages 25 to 30. Thus, prior twin studies provide considerable support for an environmentally influenced set point for personality traits, such as neuroticism, that are closely related to symptoms of anxiety and depression.

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mhguide.hogg.utexas.edu research

Environmental Factors of Mental Health - Mental Health Guide

https://mhguide.hogg.utexas.edu/policy-environment/non-medical-drivers-of-health

mental disorders.13 Additionally, experiencing food insecurity is linked to an increase in a person’s anxiety, agitation, and poor mental health.14 The risks are amplified if an individual, family, or community is experiencing more than one of these determinants simultaneously. [...] The assumption that environmental factors (e.g., social, non-medical, and physical environments) influence health and well-being is not a new development. Non-medical Drivers of Health (NMDoH) is a concept that details how the conditions “where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age” affect a wide array of health risks, outcomes, and overall quality of life.1 More recently, discussions and research surrounding NMDoH has expanded to include how environmental factors also [...] Certain populations are at higher risk of experiencing mental health challenges due to the aforementioned structural and environmental disadvantages.11 For instance, individuals with low socioeconomic status are systematically associated with increased rates of depression.12 This relationship is often reciprocal: poor mental health can create difficulties in finding and maintaining employment, which in turn reduces income, contributes to poverty, and increases the risk of mental disorders.13

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psycnet.apa.org article

Environmental factors in the development and maintenance of ...

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2019-72433-006

by PJ Lawrence · 2019 · Cited by 26 — Twin studies have shown that, when it comes to explaining the development of anxiety, between 40% and 60% of the variance can be accounted for by environmental

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